64.98 million people have been vaccinated against the new coronavirus
Organizing and implementing vaccination in accordance with the principle of sequential advancement of key groups, high-risk groups and other groups
According to Li Bin, as of March 14, 64.98 million people had been vaccinated against the new coronavirus. Currently, vaccinations are being organized and implemented in accordance with the principle that key populations, high-risk populations and other populations advance in order, and the population coverage of the new coronavirus vaccine is steadily increased.
Who are the key populations? Li Bin said that it mainly includes people with higher occupational exposure risks, people at risk of overseas infections, and personnel in key positions for maintaining basic social operations. It also includes people over 18 years old in border counties and service industries, labor-intensive industries, etc. People with a higher risk of disease transmission, some elderly people who need to be vaccinated for special reasons and have good physical conditions, and other key populations determined by the competent authorities of the industry.
Regarding the social concerns of carrying out vaccination of high-risk groups, Li Bin responded that such groups mainly include the elderly, patients with basic diseases and other groups. Since the current clinical trials have insufficient data on the protective efficacy of such populations, the vaccination work for such populations needs to be arranged according to the progress of vaccine development. After the clinical trials have obtained sufficient safety and effectiveness data, we will promptly carry out relevant populations. Mass vaccination.
What should I do if I have an abnormal reaction after vaccination?
Li Bin pointed out that it is necessary to strengthen the protection of abnormal reactions. Organize second-level and higher general hospitals to be responsible for the medical treatment and support of vaccination sites, send experienced emergency first-aid personnel with necessary medical equipment, medicines and other resident support, and send 120 ambulances on-site on duty. Strict training should be conducted for personnel involved in medical treatment to ensure that suspected abnormal reactions can be identified and dealt with immediately. Unblock referral channels, establish green channels for treatment, and organize treatment with all efforts.
What kind of control measures are implemented for the new coronavirus vaccine?
Regarding the strict implementation of the whole-process vaccine management and control measures, Li Bin said that the country has established a national vaccine electronic traceability collaboration platform, and all regions can report the prescribed information to the platform in a timely and accurate manner, so that the vaccine can be traced throughout the process, and the source of the vaccine can be traced and whereabouts can be traced. . In terms of safety management of vaccine circulation and use, disease control agencies and vaccination units strictly control the entry and exit of vaccines, and regularly monitor and record the temperature of the new coronavirus vaccine during storage and transportation to ensure the safety of storage and transportation.
Why is the public's willingness to vaccinate in my country not high?
Regarding the public's willingness to vaccinate, Li Bin said that the basic principle of my country's new crown virus vaccination is "informed, agreed, and voluntary."
Regarding the reasons for the low willingness of vaccination, Li Bin analyzed that at present, there are two main factors affecting the willingness of vaccination: The first is the epidemic prevention and control factor. my country has adopted effective and appropriate epidemic prevention and control measures. The epidemic is generally stable, and some people I believe that the risk of infection is relatively low and there is no need to vaccinate to increase protection temporarily. Second, because the new coronavirus vaccine is a newly-listed vaccine, some people hope to see more information about the effectiveness of the vaccine. Everyone is very concerned about safety, For data on effectiveness and other aspects, consider getting more knowledge about the vaccine before vaccination.
Li Bin said that the best way to prevent new coronary pneumonia is to vaccinate, which can reduce the infection rate, severe illness rate and mortality rate. "I believe that the effects of vaccine use will be more prominent, and I hope that more people will actively participate in the vaccination work."
In addition to the four vaccines that have been approved for marketing, how is the development progress of other vaccines?
Wang Junzhi said that there are 17 new coronavirus vaccines in my country that have entered the clinical stage, four of which have been conditionally approved, and the other three technical routes are basically in Phase III clinical or about to enter Phase III clinical trials. Clinical trials need to obtain sufficient clinical research data. Phase III clinical trials have great difficulties. They are all done abroad and many difficulties need to be overcome. Once enough data is obtained, the applicant can submit a marketing application to the State Food and Drug Administration.
my country`s vaccine regulatory system has passed WHO`s national regulatory system evaluation twice
China is also the only country in the world that has issued a special "Vaccine Management Law"
According to Yuan Lin, Director of the Drug Supervision Department of the State Drug Administration, my country has established a relatively complete vaccine regulatory system, a relatively complete legal system and a vaccine quality standard system, and has implemented a system that is in line with the international advanced level. Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP). At the same time, my country's vaccine regulatory system has passed the World Health Organization (WHO) national regulatory system assessment twice. It can be said that my country's vaccine regulatory level has been recognized internationally.
In terms of laws and regulations, China is the only country in the world that has issued a special "Vaccine Management Law". On this basis, we have formed a series of supporting regulations and technical specifications and other requirements, so that all vaccine-related companies , Including distribution companies, vaccination agencies, and regulatory agencies to be able to follow the laws and regulations, and all tasks are carried out in an orderly manner in accordance with the law.
The new coronavirus variant has not been found to have a significant impact on the vaccine protection rate
But it is very important to develop a vaccine against the mutant in the shortest time.
The impact of the mutation of the new coronavirus on the vaccine effect has attracted attention at home and abroad. In this regard, Wang Junzhi said that at present, we have not found that the mutant strain of the new crown virus has a significant impact on the protection rate of the conditionally marketed new crown vaccine in my country.
However, we should attach great importance to this issue. The long-term spread of the virus may result in the accumulation of multiple mutations. When the accumulation reaches a certain level, there will be a risk of affecting the protection of the vaccine. This risk exists. We must actively research a new generation of vaccines. Once the virus mutation causes the vaccine's immune effect to disappear or greatly reduce, it is very critical to be able to develop a vaccine against the mutant strain in the shortest time.
What should I do if I missed the unit's collective vaccination? Can I make an appointment on my own?
According to Chang Jile, the current local vaccination work is mainly based on the target population, mainly relying on the organization of the unit to organize centralized vaccination, and some temporary vaccination points have been added in places where the target population is concentrated. If individual target groups cannot participate in centralized vaccination due to personal reasons, they can go to the nearest vaccination unit for replanting, but contact the vaccination unit in advance or make an appointment in advance according to the requirements of the local health administration, disease control agency or vaccination unit.
How long is the interval between the new crown vaccine and other vaccinations?
Wang Huaqing: Some time ago, we organized an expert group to conduct research and demonstrations on this issue. It is recommended that the interval be at least two weeks. However, in some special circumstances, such as the public encountering animal bites or trauma, the interval may be ignored and the rabies vaccine or tetanus vaccine may be given priority.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of the four new coronavirus vaccines in my country?
According to Wang Junzhi, the four new crown vaccines currently on the market in my country are mainly based on two technical routes. There are three inactivated vaccines, one is an adenovirus vector vaccine.
The main feature of inactivated vaccines is that the components of the vaccine are relatively similar to the natural virus structure, and are also the closest. Usually, the immune response is relatively strong and it has good safety. Long-term storage at 2-8 degrees for two to three years, convenient transportation, and convenient to use in remote places, using two injections of immunization.
Adenovirus vector vaccine: my country adopts type 5 adenovirus as a vector, introduces the new coronavirus antigen gene, and prepares a live vector vaccine through a bioreactor. The preparation process is relatively simple and the cost is relatively low. One feature of the vaccine is that it can enhance cellular immunity, one-shot immunity.
The State Council`s Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism has dispatched 15 supervision teams to various provinces for on-site guidance
In order to ensure the smooth development of the vaccination work, Li Bin said that the responsibilities of the department and territoriality must be implemented. The national implementation of the working mechanism of "daily reporting, weekly scheduling, and semi-monthly reporting" for vaccination work has established a total monthly supply and demand balance and a dynamic adjustment mechanism for vaccination supply. At present, the State Council`s joint prevention and control mechanism has sent 15 supervision teams to various provinces for on-site guidance to ensure that various measures are in place.