Hot spot 1: What are the characteristics of influenza A? Do you want to use antiviral drugs?
Wang Guiqiang said that influenza A is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza A virus infection, which is different from the common cold. The general flu symptoms are more severe than the common cold, which can lead to persistent fever, headache, muscle and joint pain, vomiting and diarrhea, and physical discomfort. The elderly and children are prone to gastrointestinal symptoms. Influenza is relatively harmful, and serious cases can lead to pneumonia, which may aggravate the basic diseases of the elderly.
Influenza is a self-limited disease, but there are many antiviral drugs in treatment. Not every patient needs to use antiviral drugs. It is recommended to use them early when the risk of severe illness is high and the symptoms are severe. Early use of antiviral drugs can shorten the course of disease, alleviate symptoms and reduce the risk of severe disease.
How to judge whether you have swine flu? Tong Zhaohui said that the fever temperature of influenza is often higher than that of common cold, which may reach more than 39 degrees Celsius. If you find that you have some symptoms of upper respiratory tract, it is recommended to carry out influenza antigen screening first, and then carry out drug treatment. The duration of influenza is relatively long, generally 3 to 5 days, and severe cases can reach 5 to 7 days, while the common cold can improve quickly after 1 to 2 days of runny nose and cough symptoms.
Hotspot 2: How to prevent key populations? Do you need to be vaccinated?
The elderly and children are vulnerable during the influenza epidemic. Tong Zhaohui said that the following three points should be done for influenza prevention in these two key groups: first, it is recommended that infants, children and the elderly with basic diseases should be vaccinated with influenza vaccine in advance in the epidemic season each year; Secondly, it is suggested that key groups should reduce their going out during the influenza epidemic, adhere to wearing masks, frequent ventilation, and frequent hand washing; In addition, childcare institutions and schools are gathering places for children and adolescents. Special attention should be paid to the prevention of influenza. Once children in the class have a fever, it is recommended to take a full rest at home and go to school after full recovery.
What are the symptoms of children that may be caused by influenza A, and what should parents pay attention to? Wang Quan said that the majority of children infected with influenza are mild diseases, with respiratory tract infection as the main manifestation. Taking symptomatic drugs in time, drinking more water and taking more rest are conducive to children's recovery. During the epidemic period of influenza, if children at home have fever for more than three days or have a temperature of more than 40 degrees Celsius, or have symptoms such as dyspnea, pale face, vomiting, diarrhea, decreased urine volume, and confusion, they should be treated at the first time.
Wang Quan said that vaccination of key populations before the annual influenza epidemic period can reduce the probability of influenza. For infants and young children under 6 months of age, because they cannot be vaccinated with influenza vaccine, residents and caregivers are encouraged to actively vaccinate with influenza vaccine.
Hot spot 3: Will there be an immune period after getting A flow? Is it possible for A flow and COVID-19 to superinfection?
Wang Guiqiang said that after recovering from the infection of viral infectious diseases such as influenza A, a certain immune barrier will be formed in a short time, with a certain protective force.
Some people are concerned about whether A and COVID-19 will be infected together. Tong Zhaohui introduced that both A and COVID-19 belong to respiratory infectious diseases, and there is a possibility of superinfection, but don't worry too much. Only when the immune function is low and the COVID-19 in the body is not completely cleared, there is a certain possibility of co infection. At the same time, according to the acquired monitoring data of fever outpatient service, the majority of fever patients are currently H1N1, with a high proportion.
Tong Zhaohui said that wearing masks, washing hands frequently, ventilating frequently, maintaining social distance and actively vaccinating are all effective preventive measures against respiratory infectious diseases. In the face of respiratory infectious diseases, prevention is the most important. We call on everyone to adhere to personal protection and health monitoring.